( AUDIO: My Dinner with Andrew)Ī Rutan scout, sent to Earth in the 1900s. ( PROSE: Shakedown)Ī Rutan Roulade was a food dish. Without her control the Host would fall apart. The Rutan hive mind was co-ordinated by a Queen who lived on Ruta III. Rutans never referred to themselves as individuals, preferring the first person plurals "we", "us" and "our(s)". The Seventh Doctor described the Rutans as "infinitely adaptable". These elementals were used as mercanaries against the Sontarans. Some Rutans could lose control of their forms, only able to become elemental forces such as fire and water. ( PROSE: Shakedown) Though they preferred colder environments, ( TV: Horror of Fang Rock) Rutans could survive almost anywhere, including the vacuum of space. ( TV: Horror of Fang Rock) They could also use this energy to produce a force field to absorb energy from weapons, though this required great effort. Rutans could generate lethal bioelectrical shocks to defend themselves and seemed to be able to absorb electrical energy directly for sustenance. Rutans were formidable fighters, even when they did not have weapons. ( TV: Horror of Fang Rock) Rutans reproduced by binary fission, with two identical Rutans being produced. ( TV: Horror of Fang Rock) They could also speak by forming vocal apparatuses ( PROSE: The Infinity Doctors) which gave them a harsh, tinny voice. Rutans could see, even without visible eyes, but their vision was limited.
They had considerable mobility out of the water, despite their shape. They were amphibious and could cling to sheer, vertical surfaces. This finding suggests that marmosets are able to flexibly control their interactive vocal production depending on the preceding communicative context.In their natural forms, the Rutans were shaped somewhat like jellyfish, with a green glowing body and many light-green tendrils. A recent our study demonstrated that marmosets change their vocal responses depending upon the type and acoustics of the preceding vocalization, and the identity of the previous caller.
Accumulating evidence has also shown that monkeys can control the timing of vocal production when responding to preceding vocalizations from other animals or when faced with interference by environmental acoustics. More recent evidence, however, has called this into question and has begun to demonstrate that non-human primates have substantial abilities to control their vocal production, including the ability to produce referential calls for food or different predators. Historically, the view of non-human primate vocalization has been one of the stereotyped and innate emotional calls. Can monkeys flexibly control vocal production?
Marmosets have been previously found to engage in interactive vocal communication, exchanging long-distance contact calls when isolated from other group members, a behavior known as antiphonal calling. Marmosets exhibit many human-like familial and social dynamics, including a rich vocal repertoire and social vocal behaviors. Marmosets (Callithrix jacchus), a small New World monkey species, have emerged as a model system for studying aspects of vocal communication.
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